Abstract Recurrent miscarriage (RM) seriously affects the physical and mental health of women of childbearing age, and 50% of the causes are unknown. Thus, it is valuable to investigate the causes of unexplained recurrent miscarriage (uRM). Similarities between tumor development and embryo implantation make us realize that tumor studies are informative for uRM. The non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase adaptor protein 1 (NCK1) is highly expressed in some tumors, and can promote tumor growth, invasion and migration. In this present paper, we firstly explore the role of NCK1 in uRM. We find that the NCK1 and PD-L1 are greatly reduced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and decidua from patients with uRM. Next, we construct NCK1-knockdown HTR-8/SVneo cells, and find that NCK1-knockdown HTR-8/SVneo cells exhibit reduced proliferation and migration ability. Then we demonstrate that the expression of PD-L1 protein is decreased when the NCK1 is knocked down. In co-culture experiments with THP-1 and differently treated HTR-8/SVneo cells, we observe significantly increased proliferation of THP-1 in NCK1-knockdown group. In conclusion, NCK1 may be involved in RM by regulating trophoblast proliferation, migration, and regulating PD-L1-mediated macrophage proliferation at the maternal-fetal interface. Moreover, NCK1 has the potential to be a new predictor and therapeutic target.

Abstract Dried radish is a kind of pickled vegetable product with a unique taste made from radish via traditional solid-state spontaneous fermentation. In this study, the effects of variety on physicochemical indexes, texture properties, and taste substances of spontaneous fermented dried radish were investigated. As a result, processing and fermentation had similar trends for all radish varieties. The pH value decreased slightly, soluble solid increased with the decrease of moisture content, the hardness and chewiness decreased, while the content of organic acids and free amino acids increased. Furthermore, the variety of raw material is the key to affecting product quality and taste. The dried radish processed by the variety P21-25 presents the best texture, the highest content of sweet amino acids, the most abundant component of organic acids, while having the lowest salinity. These results indicated that radish varieties could significantly influence the quality and taste of dried radishes under the same processing and fermentation conditions. These findings reveal the importance of variety selection for the quality and taste of spontaneous fermented dried radish, and provide theoretical support for the processing and application of green radish varieties.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Among the main characteristics of soccer are a long-time of competition and its intensity; its athletes quickly alternate between attack and defense, executing distinct intensities of exercise and manding a high level of physical conditioning. Objective: Verify the impacts of training with progressive load elevation on young soccer athletes. Methods: Fifty students from the soccer special class 2019 of the School of Physical Education were selected as volunteers for the experiment. They were randomly divided into the experimental and control group. The experimental group received a physical training program with progressive load lifting, while the control group received a conventional training program. The experiment lasted 45 minutes daily, three times a week for ten weeks. The fitness index was checked before and after the experiment, and the data were statistically analyzed to verify the influence of the special progressive load lifting training on the physical training of young soccer players and the feasibility of its application in physical training. results: The index scores of the vertical jump and 30m fast run tests were slightly higher than those of the control group (P>0.05). The mean scores of the experimental and control groups were 15.02 and 15.56, and the standard deviations were 1.07 and 0.93, respectively. Conclusion: The experiment's performance in tests of speed, strength, agility, and endurance showed improvements in varying degrees. Among them, the indicators of endurance and sensitivity showed significant differences, indicating that physical training by progressive load elevation can effectively promote the development of endurance and agility in young soccer players. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: Entre las principales características del fútbol están el largo tiempo de competición y su intensidad, sus atletas alternan entre el ataque y la defensa rápidamente, ejecutando distintas intensidades de ejercicio, exigiendo un alto nivel de acondicionamiento físico. Objetivo: Verificar los impactos del entrenamiento con elevación progresiva de carga en jóvenes atletas de fútbol. Métodos: Cincuenta estudiantes de la clase especial de fútbol 2019 de la Escuela de Educación Física fueron seleccionados como voluntarios para el experimento. Se dividieron aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control. El grupo experimental recibió un programa de entrenamiento físico con elevación progresiva de cargas, mientras que el grupo de control recibió un programa de entrenamiento convencional. El experimento duró 45 minutos diarios, tres veces por semana, durante 10 semanas. Se comprobó el índice de aptitud física antes y después del experimento, y los datos se analizaron estadísticamente para verificar la influencia del entrenamiento especial de levantamiento de cargas progresivas en la formación física de los jóvenes futbolistas y la viabilidad de su aplicación en el entrenamiento físico. Resultados: Las puntuaciones del índice de las pruebas de salto vertical y de carrera rápida de 30 metros fueron ligeramente superiores a las del grupo de control (P>0,05). Las puntuaciones medias del grupo experimental y del grupo de control fueron de 15,02 y 15,56, y las desviaciones estándar de 1,07 y 0,93, respectivamente. Conclusión: El rendimiento del experimento en las pruebas de velocidad, fuerza, agilidad y resistencia mostró mejoras en diversos grados, entre ellos, los indicadores de resistencia y sensibilidad mostraron diferencias significativas, lo que indica que el entrenamiento físico mediante la elevación progresiva de carga puede promover eficazmente el desarrollo de la resistencia y la agilidad en los jóvenes futbolistas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: Entre as características principais do futebol estão o longo tempo de competição e a sua intensidade, seus atletas alternam entre ataque e defesa rapidamente, executando distintas intensidades de exercício, exigindo um elevado nível de condicionamento físico. Objetivo: Verificar os impactos do treinamento com elevação progressiva de carga nos jovens atletas de futebol. Métodos: Foram selecionados 50 alunos da turma especial de futebol 2019 da Escola de Educação Física como voluntários para o experimento. Eles foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e controle. O grupo experimental recebeu um programa de treinamento físico com elevação progressiva de carga enquanto o grupo controle recebeu um programa de treinamento convencional. O experimento durou 45 minutos diários, três vezes por semana, durante 10 semanas. O índice de aptidão física foi verificado antes e após o experimento, os dados foram analisados estatisticamente para verificar a influência do treinamento especial de elevação progressiva de carga no treinamento físico dos jovens jogadores de futebol e a viabilidade da sua aplicação no treinamento físico. Resultados: Os escores dos índices dos testes de salto vertical e corrida rápida de 30m foram ligeiramente superiores aos do grupo controle (P>0,05). As pontuações médias do grupo experimental e do grupo controle foram 15,02 e 15,56, e os desvios padrão foram 1,07 e 0,93, respectivamente. Conclusão: O desempenho do experimento em testes de velocidade, força, agilidade e resistência evidenciaram melhoras em graus variados, entre eles, os indicadores de resistência e sensibilidade mostraram diferenças significativas, indicando que o treinamento físico por elevação progressiva de carga pode efetivamente promover o desenvolvimento de resistência e agilidade em jovens jogadores de futebol. Nível de evidência II;Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT In this study, our goal was to clarify the role of proteasomal subunit α-1 (PSMA1) in both the differentiation of preadipocytes and the accumulation of lipids in adipocytes. Preadipocytes from healthy one-day-old calves were collected, isolated, and cultured in vitro. The expression pattern of the PSMA1 gene was explored during the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes firstly. Then, the expression of the PSMA1 gene was inhibited by transfection of a chemically synthesized small interfering RNA (siRNA) before differentiation. After induction of differentiation, the mRNA levels of key regulating genes involved in preadipocyte differentiation and the lipid content of mature adipocytes with and without inhibition of PSMA1 were detected by qRT-PCR and oil red O staining, respectively. The data showed that PSMA1 mRNA was differentially expressed during the differentiation of bovine preadipocytes under normal culture conditions in vitro. The expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were significantly decreased in the transfected PSMA1-siRNA group compared with those in the control group, and the mRNA levels of the preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) were significantly upregulated in the transfected PSMA1-siRNA group compared with those in the control group. In addition, significantly fewer lipid droplets were formed by adipocytes transfected with PSMA1-siRNA than by the negative control group (adipocytes transfected with NC-siRNA). Therefore, PSMA1 plays an important role in differentiation and lipid deposition.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of 252Californium neutron intracavitary brachytherapy using a two-channel Y applicator combined with external beam radiotherapy for the treatment of endometrial cancer. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with stage I-III endometrial cancer were recruited for this study. The stage I patients received only 252Californium neutron intracavitary brachytherapy with a two-channel applicator. The stage II and III patients received both 252Californium neutron intracavitary brachytherapy using a two-channel applicator and parallel-opposed whole pelvic radiotherapy. RESULTS: The five-year local control rate was 80.6% (25/31), the overall survival rate was 51.6% (16/31), and the disease-free survival rate was 54.8% (17/31). The incidence of serious late complications was 12.9% (4/31). CONCLUSIONS: 252Californium neutron intracavitary brachytherapy using a two-channel applicator combined with external beam radiotherapy was effective for treating endometrial cancer and the incidence of serious late complications related to this combination was within an acceptable range.